{
 "jurisdiction_id": "NO",
 "jurisdiction": "Norway",
 "url": "https://cryptoassets.gi/jurisdictions/norway/",
 "generator": "render_jid v13.3.0",
 "date_modified": "2026-08-17",
 "schema_version": "crypto-v2.0.0",
 "counts": {
  "modules": 8,
  "sourced_findings": 30,
  "source_register": 17
 },
 "modules": [
  {
   "code": "crypto_licensing",
   "name": "Crypto Licensing",
   "confidence": null,
   "moved_this_cycle": false,
   "url": "https://cryptoassets.gi/jurisdictions/norway/#crypto-licensing-crypto-licensing",
   "standing_position": "Norway implements the EU Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (MiCA) via the national Act on Crypto-Assets (kryptoeiendelsloven), in force since 1 July 2025. Crypto-asset service providers (CASPs) must obtain Finanstilsynet authorisation under MiCA Article 59/63 (or notify under Article 60 if already authorised as a financial undertaking). A transitional grandfathering regime for legacy AML-registered virtual-currency exchange/custody providers was extended to 30 June 2026. Norway has now issued its first CASP authorisations (AK Jensen Norway AS, Firi AS), indicating the regime is operationally live.",
   "findings": [
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "code": "token_classification",
   "name": "Token Classification",
   "confidence": null,
   "moved_this_cycle": false,
   "url": "https://cryptoassets.gi/jurisdictions/norway/#token-classification-token-classification",
   "standing_position": "MiCA as implemented in Norway distinguishes e-money tokens (EMTs), asset-referenced tokens (ARTs), and other crypto-assets outside these categories (utility-type/other tokens), while crypto-assets meeting the definition of a financial instrument fall outside MiCA entirely and remain under existing securities law. Common European classification templates and a standardised test apply in Norwegian supervisory practice from 9 January 2025.",
   "findings": [
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "code": "on_chain_activity_regime",
   "name": "On-Chain Activity Regime",
   "confidence": null,
   "moved_this_cycle": false,
   "url": "https://cryptoassets.gi/jurisdictions/norway/#on-chain-activity-regime-on-chain-activity-regime",
   "standing_position": "Norway has no dedicated national licensing category for staking-as-a-service, DeFi lending, DEX operation, mining, node operation, or validator activity. These activities are only indirectly touched by the CASP authorisation perimeter (custody/administration, portfolio management, advice) under MiCA Article 3(16) as implemented in the kryptoeiendelsloven. EU-level EBA/ESMA analytical work on crypto lending, borrowing and staking exists but does not constitute a Norwegian licensing regime.",
   "findings": [
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "code": "stablecoin_regime",
   "name": "Stablecoin Regime",
   "confidence": null,
   "moved_this_cycle": false,
   "url": "https://cryptoassets.gi/jurisdictions/norway/#stablecoin-regime-stablecoin-regime",
   "standing_position": "MiCA Titles III and IV, as implemented via the kryptoeiendelsloven and kryptoeiendelsforskriften, govern issuance of e-money tokens (EMTs) and asset-referenced tokens (ARTs) in Norway, requiring credit-institution/e-money-institution authorisation, reserve backing, white papers, and compliance with a growing body of EBA/ESMA Level 2/3 guidelines (technical-systems security, management-body suitability) that Finanstilsynet applies directly in supervisory practice. EU-level EBA classification of 'significant' ARTs/EMTs would trigger enhanced supervision applicable to relevant Norwegian-operating issuers.",
   "findings": [
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "code": "consumer_protection",
   "name": "Consumer Protection",
   "confidence": null,
   "moved_this_cycle": false,
   "url": "https://cryptoassets.gi/jurisdictions/norway/#consumer-protection-consumer-protection",
   "standing_position": "MiCA's investor/consumer-protection provisions (suitability assessment, knowledge/competence standards, disclosure) now apply to Norwegian CASPs, but Finanstilsynet has repeatedly emphasised that it is not a dispute-resolution body and that significant crypto-price and fraud risk persists even under the new regime. Custody-segregation mechanics and marketing-restriction specifics for Norwegian CASPs were not fully confirmed against primary sources in this pass.",
   "findings": [
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "code": "tax_treatment",
   "name": "Tax Treatment",
   "confidence": null,
   "moved_this_cycle": false,
   "url": "https://cryptoassets.gi/jurisdictions/norway/#tax-treatment-tax-treatment",
   "standing_position": "Skatteetaten (the Norwegian Tax Administration) is known to actively track crypto-asset holders for tax-compliance purposes, but a directly citable Skatteetaten primary-source publication specifying capital-gains rates, income-tax treatment of mining/staking rewards, VAT/GST treatment, or wealth-tax (formuesskatt) valuation methodology for crypto-assets was not located in this research pass. Claims in this module are therefore predominantly Uncertain/Speculative pending primary-source escalation.",
   "findings": [
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "code": "cross_border_transfer",
   "name": "Cross-Border Transfer",
   "confidence": null,
   "moved_this_cycle": false,
   "url": "https://cryptoassets.gi/jurisdictions/norway/#cross-border-transfer-cross-border-transfer",
   "standing_position": "Regulation (EU) 2023/1113 extends 'travel rule' originator/beneficiary information requirements to crypto-asset transfers involving an EU/EEA PSP or CASP, with EBA travel-rule guidelines detailing CASP/PSP compliance steps. Norway's precise EEA-incorporation date for this Regulation was not independently confirmed. Norwegian AML/sanctions-screening obligations, applied in cooperation with Økokrim, extend to crypto-asset entities as obliged entities, but no Norway-specific outbound capital-control restriction or cross-border reporting threshold specific to crypto was identified.",
   "findings": [
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "code": "aml_cft_regime",
   "name": "AML/CFT Regime",
   "confidence": null,
   "moved_this_cycle": false,
   "url": "https://cryptoassets.gi/jurisdictions/norway/#aml-cft-regime-aml-cft-regime",
   "standing_position": "Crypto subscribes to the fleet-level FIM aml_ctf module; no aml_cft_regime claims are emitted in this baseline to avoid duplication (absent_field_provenance: not_applicable_in_regime). For disambiguation context only: prior to MiCA, providers of exchange and custodial services for virtual assets were subject to the Norwegian AML Act, registered with and AML-supervised directly by Finanstilsynet, which cooperated with Økokrim on enforcement and onboarding of new registrants. Post-MiCA, CASP AML obligations continue under the Norwegian AML Act framework, but substantive AML/CFT content resides in the subscribed FIM module, not here.",
   "findings": []
  }
 ]
}