{
 "jurisdiction_id": "US-WA",
 "jurisdiction": "United States – Washington",
 "url": "https://cryptoassets.gi/jurisdictions/united-states-washington/",
 "generator": "render_jid v13.3.0",
 "date_modified": "2026-08-17",
 "schema_version": "crypto-v2.0.0",
 "counts": {
  "modules": 8,
  "sourced_findings": 16,
  "source_register": 10
 },
 "modules": [
  {
   "code": "crypto_licensing",
   "name": "Crypto Licensing",
   "confidence": null,
   "moved_this_cycle": false,
   "url": "https://cryptoassets.gi/jurisdictions/united-states-washington/#crypto-licensing-crypto-licensing",
   "standing_position": "Washington State has no bespoke crypto-asset licensing statute. Virtual currency businesses (exchanges, custodians, exchangers) are brought within the state's general money-transmitter regime — the Uniform Money Services Act (RCW 19.230) — via 2017's Senate Bill 5031, effective July 23, 2017. Businesses conducting money transmission involving virtual currency must obtain a license from the Washington State Department of Financial Institutions (DFI), administered through NMLS, and comply with bonding, disclosure, and (for custodial operators) third-party security-audit requirements.",
   "findings": [
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "code": "token_classification",
   "name": "Token Classification",
   "confidence": null,
   "moved_this_cycle": false,
   "url": "https://cryptoassets.gi/jurisdictions/united-states-washington/#token-classification-token-classification",
   "standing_position": "Washington has no state-level token classification framework. Whether a given crypto asset is a security, commodity, or other instrument is determined at the federal level by the SEC and CFTC (see US federal JID); the state licensing regime addresses money-transmission and custody activity only, not the legal character of the underlying token.",
   "findings": [
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "code": "on_chain_activity_regime",
   "name": "On-Chain Activity Regime",
   "confidence": null,
   "moved_this_cycle": false,
   "url": "https://cryptoassets.gi/jurisdictions/united-states-washington/#on-chain-activity-regime-on-chain-activity-regime",
   "standing_position": "Washington has no state-specific licensing or regulatory regime that separately addresses on-chain activities such as staking, DeFi lending, DEX operation, node operation, validation, or tokenization. These activities would only be captured incidentally if they meet the general money-transmission definition under RCW 19.230. At the federal level, FinCEN has clarified that a person who mines convertible virtual currency solely for their own purposes is not a money transmitter, which is the only closely on-point interpretive guidance bearing on on-chain activity and is federal, not Washington-specific.",
   "findings": [
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "code": "stablecoin_regime",
   "name": "Stablecoin Regime",
   "confidence": null,
   "moved_this_cycle": false,
   "url": "https://cryptoassets.gi/jurisdictions/united-states-washington/#stablecoin-regime-stablecoin-regime",
   "standing_position": "Washington has no state-level stablecoin issuance, reserve, redemption, disclosure, or systemic-designation regime. Stablecoin issuance in the U.S. is increasingly governed at the federal level (e.g., the GENIUS Act framework referenced in federal payment-stablecoin legislative activity), which would apply to any Washington-domiciled issuer, but no Washington-specific stablecoin statute was identified.",
   "findings": [
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "code": "consumer_protection",
   "name": "Consumer Protection",
   "confidence": null,
   "moved_this_cycle": false,
   "url": "https://cryptoassets.gi/jurisdictions/united-states-washington/#consumer-protection-consumer-protection",
   "standing_position": "Washington's SB 5031 amendments to the Uniform Money Services Act impose specific consumer-facing obligations on virtual currency licensees: disclosure of whether products are insured/guaranteed, an itemized list of fees and charges, and rules restricting the use of license/trade names confusingly similar to existing licensees.",
   "findings": [
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "code": "tax_treatment",
   "name": "Tax Treatment",
   "confidence": null,
   "moved_this_cycle": false,
   "url": "https://cryptoassets.gi/jurisdictions/united-states-washington/#tax-treatment-tax-treatment",
   "standing_position": "Washington State levies no general state personal income tax, so cryptocurrency capital gains are not subject to a Washington-specific state income tax layer (federal IRS treatment of digital assets as property, generating capital gains/losses on disposition, still applies). Washington does operate a state capital gains excise tax (RCW 82.87) on certain long-term gains above a statutory threshold, but no Department of Revenue guidance confirming or excluding cryptocurrency from that excise tax's scope was located in this pass — this is flagged as an open question requiring primary-source escalation.",
   "findings": [
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "code": "cross_border_transfer",
   "name": "Cross-Border Transfer",
   "confidence": null,
   "moved_this_cycle": false,
   "url": "https://cryptoassets.gi/jurisdictions/united-states-washington/#cross-border-transfer-cross-border-transfer",
   "standing_position": "No Washington-specific restriction on outbound or cross-border cryptocurrency transfers was identified. Cross-border transmission is governed by the same state money-transmission licensing framework applicable to domestic transfers, layered under federal sanctions (OFAC) and FinCEN funds-travel-rule requirements, neither of which is Washington-specific.",
   "findings": [
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "code": "aml_cft_regime",
   "name": "AML/CFT Regime",
   "confidence": null,
   "moved_this_cycle": false,
   "url": "https://cryptoassets.gi/jurisdictions/united-states-washington/#aml-cft-regime-aml-cft-regime",
   "standing_position": "AML/CFT obligations for crypto businesses (KYC/CDD, travel rule, SAR/STR reporting, sanctions screening, record-keeping, risk assessment) are addressed under the crypto consumer's subscription to the FIM aml_ctf module rather than in this baseline. This module is emitted for structural completeness only; substantive AML/CFT claims are intentionally out of scope here per the fleet subscription model. For disambiguation context only: federal FinCEN guidance treats virtual-currency administrators and exchangers as money transmitters/MSBs subject to BSA obligations, which is the substrate the FIM module draws upon.",
   "findings": [
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": null,
     "source": null,
     "source_url": null,
     "source_tier": null,
     "retrieved_at": null
    }
   ]
  }
 ]
}