Cryptoassets Monitor · Side-by-Side Matrix
Compare Jurisdictions Across All 7 Standing Modules
Select up to 3 jurisdictions on Explore (£0) or up to 6 jurisdictions on Pro (£39/mo) to compare regulatory posture, module RAG status, cited evidence counts, and supervisory authorities side by side.
Preset Comparisons:
| Standing Module | Gibraltar (GI) Expert reviewed Gibraltar Financial Services Commission (GFSC) | United Kingdom (UK) Expert reviewed Financial Conduct Authority (FCA), with HM Treasury setting the legislative peri | France (FR) Autorité des Marchés Financiers (AMF) & Autorité de Contrôle Prudentiel et de Ré |
|---|---|---|---|
| C1 Crypto Licensing | Green · Confirmed 12 cited spans Gibraltar regulates cryptoasset business under Schedule 2 Part 16 of the Financial Services Act 2019 (retitled 'Value stored or transmitted by database and virtual asset arrangements' by the Financial Services (Regula… Inspect GI C1 → | Amber · Conditional 6 cited spans The United Kingdom operates a two-phase licensing architecture for cryptoasset businesses. Until 25 October 2027, the operative statutory regime for spot cryptoasset activities is the Money Laundering, Terrorist Finan… Inspect UK C1 → | Green · Confirmed 4 cited spans France operates under the EU MiCA Regulation (2023/1114), for which the AMF is the lead competent authority for crypto-asset service provider (CASP) authorisation and the ACPR (Banque de France) handles prudential/e-m… Inspect FR C1 → |
| C2 Token Classification | Amber · Conditional 4 cited spans Gibraltar has not adopted a codified statutory token taxonomy equivalent to EU MiCA (such as separate statutory categories for ARTs, EMTs or utility tokens); regulatory classification under the Financial Services Act… Inspect GI C2 → | Green · Confirmed 4 cited spans UK token classification combines statutory perimeter definitions under FSMA 2000 and SI 2026/102 with foundational property-law recognition under the Property (Digital Assets etc) Act 2025. Under FCA Guidance on Crypt… Inspect UK C2 → | Green · Confirmed 4 cited spans MiCA's tri-part taxonomy (asset-referenced tokens/ART, e-money tokens/EMT, and 'other' crypto-assets including utility tokens) applies in France; e-money tokens require ACPR-authorised e-money institution status (e.g.… Inspect FR C2 → |
| C3 Stablecoin Regime | Amber · Conditional 2 cited spans Gibraltar has not enacted a standalone MiCA-style stablecoin issuance, reserve-composition or redemption-right statute; stablecoin issuance or custodial/arrangement activity conducted in or from Gibraltar is assessed… Inspect GI C3 → | Amber · Conditional 4 cited spans Under the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Cryptoassets) Regulations 2026 (SI 2026/102, full commencement 25 October 2027), 'issuing qualifying stablecoins' (Regulation 9Z) in or from a UK establishment is a d… Inspect UK C3 → | Green · Confirmed 4 cited spans MiCA Titles III/IV govern ART and EMT issuance in France, supervised by the ACPR for prudential/e-money authorisation and the AMF for CASP-side distribution. Société Générale-FORGE's EURCV/USDCV and Schuman Financial'… Inspect FR C3 → |
| C4 On-Chain Activity & DeFi | Amber · Conditional 2 cited spans Gibraltar has no separate statutory licensing category dedicated solely to staking, DeFi lending, or decentralized exchange (DEX) protocols; instead, on-chain activities are assessed functionally against the two Sched… Inspect GI C4 → | Amber · Conditional 4 cited spans The UK regulates on-chain activities by distinguishing between intermediated services (which require regulatory authorisation) and purely technical, non-custodial protocol participation. Under Regulation 9Z7 of the Fi… Inspect UK C4 → | Amber · Conditional 3 cited spans France has no French-specific bespoke statute for staking, DeFi lending, mining or node operation; these activities are addressed indirectly through the MiCA CASP perimeter (where a custodial intermediary is involved)… Inspect FR C4 → |
| C5 Cross-Border & Travel Rule | Green · Confirmed 4 cited spans Cross-border virtual-asset transfers in or from Gibraltar are governed by the Funds (Transfer) Regulations 2026 (LN 2026/134), made under the Proceeds of Crime Act 2015, which commenced on 15 July 2026 (reg.2) and rep… Inspect GI C5 → | Green · Confirmed 3 cited spans Cross-border and domestic cryptoasset transfers in the United Kingdom are governed by Part 7A of the Money Laundering, Terrorist Financing and Transfer of Funds (Information on the Payer) Regulations 2017 (Regulations… Inspect UK C5 → | Green · Confirmed 3 cited spans Cross-border provision of crypto-asset services into or from France is governed primarily by MiCA's authorisation/passporting regime and by the DAC8 decree's cross-border tax-information exchange rules. Non-EU or unau… Inspect FR C5 → |
| C6 Consumer Protection | Green · Confirmed 3 cited spans Consumer and customer-asset protection in Gibraltar's crypto framework is delivered through the ten statutory regulatory principles in the Financial Services (DLT Providers and VAA Providers) Regulations 2020 alongsid… Inspect GI C6 → | Green · Confirmed 5 cited spans Retail consumer protection in the UK cryptoasset market operates immediately through the financial promotions regime and expands on 25 October 2027 to the full FCA Handbook conduct, safeguarding, market-abuse, and omb… Inspect UK C6 → | Amber · Conditional 4 cited spans French DASP/CASP requirements (via AMF General Regulation, aligned with MiCA) mandate custody segregation of client assets, complaint-handling procedures, conflict-of-interest management and clear/accurate marketing c… Inspect FR C6 → |
| C7 Tax Treatment | Amber · Conditional 3 cited spans Gibraltar does not levy capital gains tax on private or corporate capital disposals, and the headline corporate income tax rate is 15% from 1 July 2024 on income accruing in or derived from Gibraltar. Crucially, the I… Inspect GI C7 → | Green · Confirmed 4 cited spans The UK taxes cryptoassets under general statutory principles of Capital Gains Tax (CGT), Income Tax, and Corporation Tax, supplemented by detailed administrative guidance in the HMRC Cryptoassets Manual (CRYPTO10000+)… Inspect UK C7 → | Green · Confirmed 3 cited spans Following a 2018 French Council of State ruling reclassifying occasional individual crypto gains as capital gains on movable property (rather than industrial/commercial or non-commercial profits taxed up to 45% plus s… Inspect FR C7 → |