Texas has no bespoke crypto-only licence. Virtual-currency exchange, custody-holding and transmission activity is regulated through the general Money Transmission License / Currency Exchange License regime under Finance Code Chapter 152 (Money Services Modernization Act, MSMA), administered by the Texas Department of Banking (DOB), with an overlay of Chapter 160 obligations for qualifying 'digital asset service providers' (DASPs). Non-stablecoin virtual currency exchange for sovereign currency does not itself trigger licensure because it does not meet the statutory definition of currency, money, or monetary value.
Absence reason not determinableNo sub-brief exists and the JID records no gap or review marker explaining why. The renderer will not invent a reason.
No periodic updates recorded against this sub-brief.
Texas classifies virtual currency for money-transmission purposes based on statutory definitions of 'money'/'monetary value' rather than a bespoke token taxonomy. Sovereign-backed, fully-reserved, redeemable stablecoins are treated as money/monetary value; non-stablecoin virtual currencies (e.g., Bitcoin) are not. Per the seed disambiguation, federal SEC/CFTC characterization of a token as a security or commodity governs regardless of Texas MTL status; the Texas State Securities Board (TSSB) has independently pursued securities-law enforcement against certain crypto yield products.
Absence reason not determinableNo sub-brief exists and the JID records no gap or review marker explaining why. The renderer will not invent a reason.
No periodic updates recorded against this sub-brief.
Texas has no comprehensive on-chain activity statute; regulation is activity-specific. Bitcoin mining/node operation is governed primarily through energy-grid interconnection and large-load registration rules administered by the Public Utility Commission of Texas (PUCT) and grid operator ERCOT, reflecting Texas's status as a major mining hub. Crypto lending/interest-bearing products have been targeted by the Texas State Securities Board as potential unregistered securities. No Texas-specific statute was identified for DeFi/DEX protocol operation, generic staking-as-a-service, or validator operation as distinct categories.
Absence reason not determinableNo sub-brief exists and the JID records no gap or review marker explaining why. The renderer will not invent a reason.
No periodic updates recorded against this sub-brief.
Texas regulates fiat-backed stablecoins by treating them as money/monetary value under the MSMA when they are pegged to a sovereign currency, fully reserve-backed, and redeemable, thereby subjecting stablecoin issuers/transmitters to Money Transmission licensing plus, where thresholds are met, Chapter 160 DASP reserve, disclosure, and audit-attestation obligations. DOB has stated it intends to continue this approach consistent with the federal GENIUS Act.
Absence reason not determinableNo sub-brief exists and the JID records no gap or review marker explaining why. The renderer will not invent a reason.
No periodic updates recorded against this sub-brief.
Consumer protection for crypto activity in Texas is distributed across DOB's MSB/DASP supervisory framework (custody authorization for banks, complaint-handling channels, Chapter 160 disclosure duties) and consumer-education guidance adopted from national model frameworks (CSBS/NASAA). There is no bespoke Texas crypto-consumer-protection statute; protections attach through the MTL/DASP licensing overlay.
Absence reason not determinableNo sub-brief exists and the JID records no gap or review marker explaining why. The renderer will not invent a reason.
No periodic updates recorded against this sub-brief.
No Texas-specific statute or Comptroller guidance on crypto sales/use tax or state income taxation of digital assets was identified in this pass; Texas levies no state personal income tax, so state-level capital gains/income tax categories are structurally inapplicable, and residents remain subject to federal IRS property-tax treatment of crypto transactions, including the new federal Form 1099-DA broker-reporting regime.
Absence reason not determinableNo sub-brief exists and the JID records no gap or review marker explaining why. The renderer will not invent a reason.
No periodic updates recorded against this sub-brief.
No Texas-specific statute establishing a distinct cross-border transfer regime for virtual currency was identified. Money transmitters conducting virtual-currency business with Texas residents remain subject to federal cross-border and sanctions requirements (FinCEN/OFAC) layered onto the state MTL, rather than a separate state cross-border rule.
Absence reason not determinableNo sub-brief exists and the JID records no gap or review marker explaining why. The renderer will not invent a reason.
No periodic updates recorded against this sub-brief.
AML/CFT obligations (KYC/CDD, travel rule, SAR/STR, sanctions screening, record-keeping, risk assessment) for Texas-regulated money services businesses and digital asset service providers are governed by federal BSA/FinCEN requirements layered onto the state MSB licence and are captured by the crypto consumer's aml_ctf FIM subscription rather than this baseline. This module is emitted for structural completeness only.
Absence reason not determinableNo sub-brief exists and the JID records no gap or review marker explaining why. The renderer will not invent a reason.
No periodic updates recorded against this sub-brief.
Sources and findings (1)
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