Turkey moved from an unregulated crypto environment toward a Capital Markets Board (CMB/SPK)-administered licensing regime for crypto asset service providers via a 2024 legislative package amending the Capital Markets Law. By March 2026, legislative reporting refers to crypto platforms as being 'regulated under the country's Capital Markets Law,' indicating the licensing regime has entered into force, though a direct Official Gazette / SPK communiqué citation confirming the exact enactment/effective date was not retrieved in this research pass. Separately, since April 2021 the Central Bank of Turkey (CBRT) has banned the use of crypto assets for payments nationwide, while trading/holding crypto has remained legal throughout.
Absence reason not determinableNo sub-brief exists and the JID records no gap or review marker explaining why. The renderer will not invent a reason.
No periodic updates recorded against this sub-brief.
Available reporting indicates Turkey's 2024 crypto legislative package defines 'crypto asset' broadly (an intangible, electronically created and stored asset expressible via distributed ledger or similar technology) without establishing MiCA-style sub-categories (e.g., asset-referenced token, e-money token, utility token, security token). No confirmed CMB secondary legislation subdividing token categories was located in this pass.
Absence reason not determinableNo sub-brief exists and the JID records no gap or review marker explaining why. The renderer will not invent a reason.
No periodic updates recorded against this sub-brief.
No Turkey-specific statutory treatment of staking, DeFi lending, DEX operation, mining, node operation, validator activity, or tokenization was located in the sources reviewed. The 2024/2026 CMB framework as reported focuses on centralized crypto asset service providers (exchanges/platforms); on-chain and DeFi-native activities appear to remain outside confirmed scope as of this research pass.
Absence reason not determinableNo sub-brief exists and the JID records no gap or review marker explaining why. The renderer will not invent a reason.
No periodic updates recorded against this sub-brief.
No Turkey-specific stablecoin issuance-authorisation, reserve-requirement, redemption-right or systemic-designation regime distinct from the general CMB crypto asset service provider licensing framework was located; stablecoins appear to be treated under the general broad 'crypto asset' definition without bespoke rules in the sources reviewed. Separately, the CBRT's 2021 payments ban applies to crypto assets generally (which would include stablecoins) used as a means of payment.
Absence reason not determinableNo sub-brief exists and the JID records no gap or review marker explaining why. The renderer will not invent a reason.
No periodic updates recorded against this sub-brief.
The 2024 crypto legislative package was reported to expand CMB inspection and supervisory scope over crypto service providers explicitly for customer protection purposes, but granular secondary-legislation detail (e.g., cold-wallet custody ratios, specific marketing/advertising restrictions, complaint-handling procedures) was not retrieved via primary sources in this pass. The CBRT's 2021 payments-ban regulation functions as a de facto marketing/use restriction on crypto assets in the payments context.
Absence reason not determinableNo sub-brief exists and the JID records no gap or review marker explaining why. The renderer will not invent a reason.
No periodic updates recorded against this sub-brief.
Turkey has no general crypto capital-gains or transaction tax confirmed in force as of the research date. A March 2026 bill before the Turkish Grand National Assembly would introduce a 10% quarterly withholding tax on gains from CMB-regulated platforms plus a 0.03% transaction tax on service providers, with presidential authority to adjust the withholding rate between 0% and 20%; the crypto provisions would take effect two months after publication if approved. A separate, earlier 2024 plan to tax crypto and stocks was reportedly shelved.
Absence reason not determinableNo sub-brief exists and the JID records no gap or review marker explaining why. The renderer will not invent a reason.
No periodic updates recorded against this sub-brief.
Confirmed Turkey-specific cross-border transfer restrictions or travel-rule thresholds for crypto assets were not retrieved via primary sources in this pass. MASAK's 2021 designation of crypto exchanges as AML-obliged entities implies transaction-monitoring/reporting duties (a reported ~10,000 TRY / ~$1,200 threshold was referenced by the Finance Minister in 2021) relevant to cross-border flows; substantive travel-rule content sits under the shared FIM aml_ctf module and is captured here only as disambiguation context. No outbound capital-control restriction specific to crypto transfers abroad was identified; the only confirmed nationwide restriction concerns domestic use of crypto for payments, not cross-border transfer of holdings.
Absence reason not determinableNo sub-brief exists and the JID records no gap or review marker explaining why. The renderer will not invent a reason.
No periodic updates recorded against this sub-brief.
Crypto AML/CFT obligations for JID=TR are governed under the fleet's shared FIM aml_ctf module and are not duplicated here per the crypto-consumer subscription model. Disambiguation context only: Turkey added 'crypto asset service providers' as obliged entities under its anti-money laundering/counter-terrorist-financing law via a presidential decree published in the Official Gazette on 1 May 2021, with MASAK (the Financial Crimes Investigation Board) as supervisory authority; this followed the collapse of two domestic exchanges (Thodex, Vebitcoin) and Turkey's placement on the FATF grey list in 2021.
Absence reason not determinableNo sub-brief exists and the JID records no gap or review marker explaining why. The renderer will not invent a reason.
No periodic updates recorded against this sub-brief.
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